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Our research focuses on exploiting microfabrication to miniaturize chemical and biochemical analysis technologies. Using microfluidic of channels on glass devices, we have created networks for primarily electrophoresis-based separations for genotyping and sequencing of DNA. These microfluidic concepts have also been applied to making PCR reactors directly coupled to CE channels, and the micro-plumbing necessary for them. Expanding on these ideas, we're also developing an amino-acid analyzer for extraterrestrial exploration, and complex networks for DNA-based computing. Building upon the possibilities of microfabrication, we're also exploring integrated detectors - both electrochemical and optical.
DNA Sequencers
The 96-lane microfabricated sequencer we developed pushes the envelope of high-speed sequencing, yielding an impressive 1700 bases/min of PHRED 20 or better quality. The design incomporates 16-cm folded channels, and fluidically balanced injectors derived from both simulation and experiment.
DNA Genotypers
With our revolutionary rotary confocal fluorescence scanner, we've been able to develop arrays of 12 to 384 microfabricated capillaries on glass wafers from 4 to 8" in diameter making possible high-throughput genotyping of > 1 sample per second.
Pathogen Detection
We have built an integrated cell capture-PCR-capillary electrophoresis microdevice as part of a portable pathogen detection system. This lab-on-a-chip system incorporates microfabricated heaters and temperture sensors for PCR thernal cycling , PDMS membrane valves for microfluidic manipulation, and capture chambers for sample purification of pathogenic cells.
We are also developing an electrical impedance-based plastic cartridge for detection of TB biomarkers. The goal is to provide a rapid, inexpensive, and label-free diagnostic tool for widespread use.
Cell Patterning and Probing
We are developing microfabricated surfaces for cell interfacing for single cell probing.
Extraterrestrial Analyzers
The search for signs of extraterrestrial life require miniaturized biochemical analysis systems that can be flown to the planets (e.g. Mars) for in situ experimentation. As amino acid homochirality is thought to be a requirement for life, we've developed microchip-based systems for future flights to Mars with JPL and NASA.
Digital Microfluidics and Microarray Technology
The automaton project utilizes high level device programming for rapid automation of diverse assay protocols on a common chip format. Common assays such as dilution curve generation and immunoassays have been demonstrated.
In addition, droplet-based technologies developed in our lab allow for the detection of extremely rare mutant cells in a large background of healthy cells. Each droplet acts as a 2-3 nL PCR reactor for massively parallel DNA or RNA amplification. We have also developed a robust method for single genome isolation using agarose to encapsulate single cells for downstream lysis and digestion.
Group Meetings are held every Thursday at 5:00 PM in 425 Latimer Hall